Pansies- one of the first flowers that appears in the country flower bed. Already in spring, delicate bright flowers delight the gardener's eye with a riotous variety of colors: from pure white to deep black with various shades of red, yellow and blue. In the center of pansies there is always an unusual spot of a unique shape and color.

Since ancient times, various myths and legends have been associated with pansies. This flower is considered a symbol of love, fidelity and renewal of nature. However, gardeners love pansies not for beautiful stories, but for an unusual combination of colors and unpretentiousness. However, even such an undemanding flower has its own characteristics and secrets of cultivation.

First, let's figure out what we will grow: garden pansies, Wittrock's viola or garden violets?

Choose between Viola and Violet to suit your needs

The affectionate name of the pansy belongs to the viola flower or, as it is also called, the tricolor violet, a herbaceous perennial plant from the violet family. There are 300 different varieties of garden violets, grouped into 15 groups.

Groups differ in color and size of the flower, flowering time, height of the bush and other characteristics. Such a variety of varieties will allow even the most demanding and sophisticated gardeners to choose the right type for planting!

The choice of variety depends not only on your color preferences, but also on the region in which you plan to grow and care for the viola. In areas with a warm climate, violets can begin to bloom as early as early April, for cold regions this period is shifted to early summer.

Most pansies are heat-loving plants that love diffused sunlight, so if you live in cooler regions, be careful when choosing a variety.

There are two most famous varieties of Viola:

1. - an annual or biennial plant with small flowers. Tricolor violet reaches a height of 30 - 45 cm. This type of plant spreads well by self-sowing. Thanks to its well-known proven medicinal properties such a tricolor violet often finds its use in folk medicine.
2. Violet Wittrock is a perennial herbaceous plant. It is this variety that can often be found not only in garden beds, but also on summer balconies in flower pots and planters. Wittrock violet flowers can grow up to 10 cm, the height of this plant is 40 cm.

Flowers can be smooth or corrugated at the edges, plain or mix a variety of colors. Wittrock's violet has many varieties, among the most popular are Alpensee with large flowers of rich purple color, Bambini with small yellow flowers separated by dark stripes similar to cilia at the spot, snow-white PureWhite, orange SkylineOrange and many others.

Preparing seeds for planting

Once you have chosen the variety that suits you, you need to think about planting. Pansies are planted in a flower bed with seeds or seedlings. If you want to see bright flowers in a flower bed early in the first year of planting, then grow a viola using seedlings. In the second year, planting seeds in the ground in June of the previous year will help to achieve early flowering.

In the first year, the viola is usually planted in early to mid-May. To do this, make small holes no deeper than 1 cm, at a distance of 5-7 cm, put 2-3 seeds in each. After that, lightly sprinkle the seeds of the pansies with earth, be sure to water, and mulch the surface on top to retain moisture.

You will see the first flowers 20 days after planting, that is, at the beginning of summer. If you choose to grow viola seedlings, you will be able to see the first flowers earlier.

Growing seedlings without mistakes

Novice gardeners are sometimes afraid to grow pansies on their own at home and buy ready-made seedlings in the store. You should not buy unknown expensive seedlings when you can grow your own without any problems. This should be done at the beginning of February.

For this you will need:

1. Prepare seedling containers with a fertile moist substrate that should be half soddy or leafy soil and half rotted compost.
2. Before planting pansies, it is imperative to disinfect the ground, for example, with a fungicide.
3. After the earth dries, make shallow grooves in it, put the seeds there and sprinkle with soil. Place containers with seedlings in a dark but warm place.
4. The first shoots can be seen in a couple of weeks. When they appear, you need to expose the pansies to the warm sun. In this place, the air temperature should not be colder than 10 degrees.
5. When more than two leaves appear on the plant, you need to transplant the plants into separate containers. After that, you can briefly expose and harden pansies on the balcony.
6. Once a week, feed the plant with any flower fertilizer, but it is better to choose one that is suitable for violets.
7. In early May, seedlings can be planted in a flower bed.

When growing seedlings indoors, pick pansies twice. The first time it is better to do this when more than two leaves appear on the plant about 14 days after planting.

After that, it is better to seat the viola in individual containers. The second time the seedlings dive in two weeks - 20 days according to the scheme 6 by 6 cm.

Planting and care in the ground in the country and at home

Planting seeds of pansies in open ground, we described above. Seedlings of pansies are planted in a flower bed at a distance of 20-30 cm. This distance is enough for the full growth and development of plants.

Violets grow well on soil, which consists of soddy land, manure, peat and sand in a proportion where the sand will be half as much as the other components.

Pansies are a very unpretentious plant, but they also require care. It is necessary to systematically loosen the soil, remove wilted flowers, fertilize the plant with mineral fertilizers and water frequently.

But for starters, it is important to choose the right place for the plant on the site. Viola can die under the bright scorching rays of the sun, but in the shade its flowers will be small and faded, so choose a place with diffused light.

Leaving the viola in the garden for the winter, do not forget to cover the plant with spruce branches, and open it in the spring to avoid dampening.

The same rules for plant care will apply if you decide to grow a viola on a balcony at home. If you have a southern balcony, then in order to avoid fading flowers in the bright sun, try to slightly shade the place where the container with pansies will be located.

Pansies are a very beautiful and unpretentious variety of flowers, which is also called tricolor violet or, and popularly - Ivan da Marya. You can decorate a garden plot with it quite early - in the first fine May days.
Pansies love growing from seeds when planting experienced gardeners are also easy to determine. To do this, the date of landing in open ground is planned (in accordance with the lunar calendars or according to the weather forecast), and approximately 90 days are subtracted from it. At this point, you need to plant flower seeds at home.

Why is it best to germinate these types of violets at home? Because, firstly, like few other plants, they are surprisingly easy to transplant. Even if the roots are damaged (which is not very rare when planting in open ground), the sprout still quickly recovers. Secondly, the flower quickly begins to bloom and delight others with beauty. And in some cases, when seedlings are bought (or grown on their own) already blooming, then there is no need to wait for the formation of inflorescences.

Basically, tricolor violet is used to decorate garden plots, vegetable gardens, flower beds. She feels good at home, on balconies and verandas.

There are both annual forms of these flowers, and perennial. Today, many hybrid forms have been bred, which differ from each other in colors and inflorescence forms. Annual species are the most popular, as they require less attention, but at the same time bloom profusely and beautifully.

There are also varieties of different forms of growth. Some representatives of Pansies spread densely along the surface of the earth, while others form into beautiful, regular bushes with large but rare flowers.
In horticulture, methods of growing pansies from seeds are very popular. You can buy them in many specialized stores, because they are often in good demand and are readily sold. The seedling method of growing does not require large expenses, since any seeds are cheaper than a sprout that has already germinated and is ready for planting.

Usually in central Russia they start landing in early March. The interval from 1 to 10 is well suited for this purpose. With normal development, the flower will be ready to move to open areas in late May - early summer. The weather will be warm by then, so flowering will continue for a long time.

However, some gardeners who prefer to sell ready-made seedlings may start sowing in January-February or even at the end of December. Of course, they are forced to use artificial lighting and prevent temperature fluctuations in the place where the seedlings grow. But on the other hand, in the spring they can already sell fully formed and ready-to-plant bushes of tricolor violets, which in some cases even bloom. By the way, these flowers can be transplanted fearlessly even in a state of flowering.

Pansies are not very demanding on the ground. It is only important that the earth is sufficiently loose and easily breathable. The temperature regime for seeds is quite suitable for the one that is maintained in the room in the usual state. Watering also does not require any special skills. So, for sure, even a novice amateur gardener will cope with growing seedlings of these wonderful flowers.

Preparing the container and soil for the tricolor violet

Pansy seeds can be sown both in purchased soil, and you can prepare the base yourself. In general, a lot depends on the number of seeds that you plan to grow.

If there are few flowers, then you can limit yourself to buying ready-made soil or use modern and very popular peat tablets. By the way, they absorb moisture well and retain it for a long time, because of this they are ideal for growing all garden crops for seedlings.

If there are a lot of seeds, then it would be a good idea to save some money and prepare the basis for the soil on your own. This does not require much effort. It is enough to collect ordinary earth from your site, add sand and a little peat there, so that the resulting mixture has sufficient air permeability. You can add a little humus for fertility. In order to protect seedlings, gardeners advise steaming the resulting soil for about an hour. This will destroy weed seeds that may be in the soil and kill pest larvae and pathogens.

Another soil mixture is garden soil and compost mixed in the same proportion. Such soil is harvested most often from autumn, and in early spring they are distributed in pots or other utensils prepared for seedlings. The mixture is allowed to stand for a day, moisturize and proceed to planting.

Any containers for tricolor violets will do. You can use both small cups and plant a little seed in them, as well as wide pallets. It is only necessary to moisten the soil well and tamp.

There are two ways to plant seeds in a container:

1. At the first, the seeds are simply scattered evenly over the area of ​​the seedling dish. Since the seeds are small, for convenience, you can pour them onto a sheet of paper and carefully pour them onto the ground. Pansies do not like light at first, so the seedlings are covered and placed in a warm place where the temperature should be around 20-22 degrees Celsius. Every day, you should open a small greenhouse for 10-15 minutes and let the plantation breathe.
2. In the second method, which is no less popular, shallow furrows are made in pots (less than a centimeter deep). Between the beds maintain a distance of 1-2 centimeters. Then the seeds are planted at small intervals (also 1-2 centimeters between them). Gently sprinkle with earth on top and cover with a lid or a transparent bag on top. With this method, it is not necessary to leave the dishes in a dark place: the seeds are already covered with soil.

Watering the greenhouse must be done very carefully. It is best to use a fine-grained spray gun for this purpose. It is important not to flood the soil. An experienced gardener understands the thin line between overdried soil and flooded soil easily.

Sometimes it is best not to water at all, but to moisten the soil in pots from time to time. However, Pansies are a rather patient flower, so you need to try hard to ruin it.

Usually the first shoots appear in about a week or two. However, today it is not uncommon for low-quality seeds that do not germinate at all. Or, plants are often found on sale that lie for a long time and are stored incorrectly. Then shoots may appear later - up to a month from the moment of planting.

Care, diseases and pests of seedlings

Pansies should be supervised periodically, but do not require constant monitoring. More precisely, it can be said that at the first stages it is important not to delay the need to remove the lid or bag from the seedlings when the first shoots appear. Since with the advent of the first green sprouts, you need to open the greenhouse and provide access to sunlight.

Attention! In fact, sunlight is essential for all types of plants. Of course, Pansies are no exception to the rule. But the conditions of central Russia (and, even more so, the northern regions of the country) in March and April cannot give enough natural light.

As a rule, at the beginning of spring, the sun sets quite early, so at first it is possible to organize artificial lighting of the sprouts. For this, fluorescent lamps are most often used. As a rule, about 16 hours of daylight is enough for proper growth. It may not be so long to “light up” the plants, but remember that less than 12 hours of light for sprouts will delay their development and, as expected, will move the timing of transplanting into open ground.

Watering seedlings is best from a spray bottle. But it is done carefully. If small drops of water fall on the leaves, then they must be carefully removed.

After the sprouts have two formed leaves, then you need to dive seedlings. As noted, the seeds of Pansies are small, so plants can spawn close together. They must be transplanted into small pots as soon as they are ready for this. In size, cups measuring 5x5 centimeters are quite suitable.

Before picking, it is necessary to prepare the future soil for the flower. It is best to use the same soil that was used for seedlings. For every two liters of volume, add a tablespoon of fertilizers rich in minerals for growth (well-known preparations like Nitrophoska, Azofoska are well suited). By the way, this time there is no need to calcine the soil mixture or sift it.

Each sprout is planted in its own pot. In the process of working with seedlings, try to be careful with the root system. It is still poorly formed, and if it is damaged, then the growth of flowers can be inhibited. However, in case of urgent need, when the root has formed very large and branched so much that it does not fit in the hole, you will have to shorten it a little. This is much better than trying to wrap the root system.

It is better to sprinkle the plants almost to the very first leaves. The soil is compacted a little so that the seedlings sit tight. After you can water the sprouts. If using a watering can, then pour water around the edge of the pot. Add a little soil if necessary.

On this, perhaps, the picking ends. The ambient temperature sufficient for normal growth is recommended within 15-17 degrees. Then you only need to water and make sure that you feed the sprouts every two weeks. In addition to applying liquid mineral fertilizers, top dressing diluted in water for irrigation will be a good help. For 3 liters, it is enough to dilute 1 tablespoon. It is better to apply with a sprayer so as to get on the green mass. Wipe off excess drops from the leaves.

When the weather is warm outside, and the night frosts are over, you can take the seedlings to fresh air. The main thing is to prevent drafts from freely walking on the tops of fragile flowers at first.

And about two weeks before you plan to land on open ground, start taking out the dishes with seedlings on the street. At first, 1-2 hours daily will be enough for such “walks”. But each time you need to increase their duration. Right before planting, it is in the order of things to leave seedlings in pots on the street and overnight.

An important condition that should not be neglected is to put Pansies in a shady place. Direct sunlight can burn the leaves.

Diseases and pests

Of course, if you do not look for some factors, then Pansies can be affected by viruses or pests, the same ones that are detrimental to many other representatives of the flora.

Quite rarely, powdery mildew or rust is found on tricolor violets. When the first virus is affected, a whitish coating appears on the entire green mass of the plant. At the second - yellow specks. In both cases, it is necessary, firstly, to get rid of the affected areas by carefully cutting them off. Secondly, treat the entire sprout with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.

Mature plants in case of severe waterlogging can become ill with serious diseases. One of them is rot, which appears both on the roots and on the visible, above-ground part of the flowers. It is expressed by the appearance of brownish spots, the gradual withering of Pansies. The only way out is to remove affected flowers to protect healthy ones. After it is important to reduce watering.

Of the insect pests, you can most often encounter aphids, slugs and spider mites. Basically, they harm the greenery of flowers, gnaw through holes, interfere with full and rapid development, and spoil the appearance.

Some of them are hard to deal with. Especially against slugs that feed on foliage at night. To combat them, boards are laid next to the flower garden and individuals are manually collected every morning. After they destroy. Ladybugs, which can be populated on flowers, effectively fight aphids.

In dry weather, a white light cobweb may appear on the leaves. On it, with magnification or even with the naked eye with acute vision, you can see small spiders. The best way to deal with spider mites is by frequent spraying with plain water or a solution of water with laundry soap or loose tobacco. If nothing helps, then they resort to insecticide treatment (for example, Fufanon solution at the dosage prescribed by the manufacturer).

Preparing the garden for planting

No special preparation is required. The soil in your garden may not even be very fertile. The only thing is, if the soil is very clayey, then it is better to add a little sand or peat to ensure sufficient air permeability.

It will not be superfluous to feed. To do this, you can use nitrogen-containing, as well as phosphorus or potash fertilizers. The main thing is not to mix everything together, but to choose one thing. Or wait a break between different top dressings for at least a week. Sprouts are planted at a distance of 15-20 centimeters from each other. After all the procedures and sprinkling with earth, pour the soil abundantly.

All further care for the beds will consist of periodic feeding, fairly frequent loosening (since the flower loves porous soil) and watering. For top dressing in open areas, liquid fertilizers are quite enough, which can be applied along with water (kemira is widespread).

Pansies do not like to go hungry without water, so one of the key features of long and abundant flowering is regular, but not excessive watering. If you have a perennial plant, then after it fades, cut the bushes, leaving 4-5 centimeters of the stem. The following year, this bush will again give an ovary and will bloom. Many experienced gardeners also advise timely pinching off those inflorescences that have withered and faded. Then new buds will appear faster in their place, and flowering will last.

At the end of the season, cracked boxes can be found on Pansies, in which the seeds ripened. This means that next year you can find these beautiful, self-grown flowers in different parts of your garden.

Conclusion

Sooner or later, any gardener wakes up with an acute desire not only to grow a good, rich crop on his site for food in the winter. With the advent of experience, I want to make my site more beautiful, neater, more elegant. And there is little else that can compare with when resorting to professional flower growing.

Probably, there is nothing easier than to start with breeding violets - easy to care for, not very demanding on environmental conditions and special, close attention to themselves. Pansies or tricolor violets (as well as Ivan da Marya) are a flower that is easy to find on sale, and also quickly bred on your site. Therefore, when it comes time to plant Pansies for growing from seeds, do not miss this opportunity.

This business will definitely not cause much trouble, and when the time comes, your beds will be transformed and will delight you with beautiful flowering until autumn. Yes, and you will not need to take care of the plantings from morning to evening. In fact, just water on time.

In the future, the cultivation of Pansies will turn into an annual activity, because you can both plant perennials and independently collect seeds from the beds and year after year become the author of your own, unique flower arrangements.

Extraordinarily beautiful ornamental plantings called "viola tricolor", better known as pansies, can often be seen both in personal plots and in summer cottages. What is the reason for their popularity? Undoubtedly, in abundant, long flowering, which pleases the eye of both owners and casual passers-by. However, not only because of their extraordinary beauty, many plant such ornamental plants as decoration for their backyard. The popularity of viola tricolor is explained by the fact that planting and growing beautiful flowers is quite simple. How to plant pansies in open ground so that flowering is abundant and bright, we will consider more carefully later in the article.

Planting seedlings

Viola tricolor is most often grown from seedlings. Growing seedlings is not a difficult process if you follow the recommendations of experienced gardeners:

1. In the spring, containers should be prepared for future seedlings, which are filled with fertile soil. It is best to use a substrate that will consist of the following components:

• soddy soil;
• leaf soil;
• compost.

Both soddy and leafy soil should be taken in the same ratio, compost should be used in a ratio of 1:5.

1. If it is planned to obtain an annual planting from the grown seedlings, then, of course, high-quality seeds should be used, they are sown in the ground no later than March. With early sowing, it will be possible to admire the beautiful flowering in the summer. If you want to get a two-year crop, the seeds should be sown in the ground at the end of the first summer month.
2. In the containers for seedlings, recesses are made, approximately 1.5-1.7 cm.
3. A seed is placed in each recess, keeping a distance of approximately 1.5 cm.
4. After sowing the seeds, the planting material is carefully covered with fertile soil, slightly compacted by hand.
5. To speed up the germination process, it is recommended to use an additional cover in the form of glass or plastic film.
6. The first shoots will appear in 10-15 days. As soon as 3 leaves are formed on the seedlings, the seedlings should be carefully planted in separate containers, for example, in disposable cups. Picking is necessary in order to accelerate the growth of the development of each individual seedling.
7. Viola tricolor seedlings are planted at a permanent place of germination only after the weather stabilizes, there will be no night frosts.

Landing in the soil

In order for the seedlings to take root perfectly in the garden, experts recommend that the so-called hardening be carried out before the seedlings are planted in the ground. To do this, it is enough just to take your seedlings outside, at least for 7-10 days, so that young plantings can better adapt to new living conditions. For the first time, seedlings are taken out for about 20-30 minutes, subsequent “hardening” processes are increased to several hours.

Glued plantings are planted on previously prepared beds, always in fertile soil. The distance between each planting should be at least 20-25 cm. After planting the seedlings in the beds around the horse system, it is recommended to pour a layer of peat, about 5-7 cm, so that the roots can retain a sufficient amount of moisture. A layer of peat will help protect young roots from sudden temperature changes, which are quite often observed in our regions in the spring. However, it is not recommended to use a lot of peat as a powder, since its excessive use, especially during a snowy winter, can contribute to the death of the plant. The fact is that a large layer of peat will not allow enough oxygen to penetrate, so a decorative flower can, as they say, suffocate.

Sowing seeds in the ground

Viola tricolor seeds can be immediately sown in open ground in the following sequence:

• in a well-lit place, grooves are made in fertile soil, at least 0.5 cm deep;
• the distance between the grooves should be approximately 1.5-2 cm;
• the gap between the seeds is 1-2 cm;
• the grooves moisturize well and carefully sow the planting material;
• from above, the seeds are sprinkled with fertile soil, lightly tamped by hand;
• in order for the seedlings to sprout faster, the sown area is covered with transparent glass or polyethylene film.

Good afternoon, dear readers!

The constant inhabitant of all summer cottages, viola conquers with its variety of colors collected in one flower. And this makes her the favorite of many gardeners. Pansies, garden violet, Wittrock violet are the names of the same flower.

And, of course, every gardener wants to have this charm in his flower garden.

Having decided to grow a viola for the first time to decorate a garden plot, work should begin at the end of February. The sowing period can last until mid-March. This will make it possible to see blooming pansies in early summer.

This option is the most common and because the bright colors of flowers are simply necessary during this period to create a mood and attractiveness of the garden.

If the sowing time was missed in early spring, then doing this work in May will give the gardener the pleasure of flowering in August, and it will last until the very cold.

Planting viola seeds - seedlings of pansies

First you need to prepare a soil mixture suitable for sowing. Would need:

• 3 pieces of leaf ground
• 2 parts river sand
• 1 part of sod land

The soil must be moisture permeable (viola does not like waterlogging). To improve the structure of the soil, charcoal is the best, which can be added to the mixture.

Seedling containers can be small cups, or common boxes. The containers are filled with soil in advance, giving the soil the opportunity to settle. Manganese solution is used to disinfect the soil. A day later, the seeds are laid out on the surface, which were previously treated with growth stimulants. It can be "Epin", "Zircon", etc.

In separate cups you need to put 2-3 grains. In boxes, a distance of 1-2 cm is left between the seeds, and rows of 0.5 cm should be 2-3 cm apart.

Close up the seeds shallow. The minimum layer of soil that is moistened, strictly, from a spray gun, so that the seeds do not become exposed.

On a note! The greater the distance between the seeds, and later between the individual shoots, the later it will be possible to start diving the viola seedlings.

To protect crops from drying out, they are covered with glass, film. For the emergence of seedlings, a temperature of 15-20 ° C is sufficient. Do not forget about daily ventilation. Shoots will appear in 7-10 days. Shelter is removed and conditions are created for the normal development of seedlings. The best option would be t \u003d 10 ° C, a bright place and watering, without waterlogging.

From the boxes, the grown plants dive into a larger container. Deepening is carried out to the cotyledon leaves. The containers are shaded until the flowers are rooted.

Weaker sprouts should be removed from peat cups and tablets, leaving one. They also need to provide more food. It is most convenient to work with peat containers. Enough for the bottom of a 250 ml glass. pour a small layer of fertile soil, put a tablet with a sprout on it, cover it with earth and water it.

Landing site selection

Garden violet is not a capricious plant. Compliance with the minimum comfortable conditions will allow you to create magnificent flower arrangements.

A favorite place for growth is sunny areas, but the sun is not desirable. If at noon, plantings of pansies are covered with a scattered shadow from garden trees and shrubs, then it will gratefully sway with colorful, purple and yellow flowers, not drooping from the heat.

Soil requirements are also low. Loose, quite nutritious, with good drainage properties, moderately moist soils will be a good option for arranging flower beds with violets.

The addition of charcoal, in crushed form, does a good job of draining. In addition, having the properties of absorbing water, it will absorb its excess, and, as needed, give water to the roots of the plant. Having created such a content, in the future it will be enough to weed the weeds, loosen the ground, and combine watering with occasional fertilizing with mineral fertilizers.

It should also be remembered that viola can grow in the shade. But in this case, the flowers will be smaller and their color will be paler than shown on the seed package.

Summer crops in June, determine the original purpose of the viola - growing in a biennial culture. In this case, flowering will occur in the spring following the year of sowing.

In the garden, with light fertile soil, shallow grooves are cut, and seeds are sown. You can use the "scatter" method.

In both cases, a very thin layer of soil is sprinkled on top. Moistening is not required if the soil was well moistened before sowing. The bed is shaded so that there is no rapid evaporation of moisture from the top layer of soil. After 10-14 days, violet sprouts will appear.

Care consists in gentle watering and gentle hilling, which ensures the stability of tiny plants. You can simply add fertile soil to the base of the stem

Fortified seedlings dive to another bed when there are at least five leaves on them, observing an interval of 5-7 cm. In August or September, a second transplant is carried out, using seedlings as a border for flower beds with perennials, or planting flowers in separate groups. Diluting monochromatic dark varieties with bright and colorful violets.

The distance for mature seedlings should be at least 15 cm.

By the end of September, the viola will have compact bushes, with 5-6 leaves. Such plants will go green in winter, and in spring their flowering will be early and plentiful.

In the event that violet seeds were sown earlier than the specified period, or during a long autumn, flowering is possible in the autumn period. But this shortcoming will lead to a worse wintering of the flower.

In the spring, the viola is in danger of getting wet, so the removal of melt water from the site is required. The probability of flooding should be excluded when choosing a place for planting in the autumn.

Flowering will come in mid-May. One flower retains its decorative effect for a week and fades. If you remove them in a timely manner, then the flowering period of the viola will be significantly extended.

Pansies - outdoor care

Fertilizing with complete mineral fertilizers (nitrophoska - 50g / m2), in combination with watering, will also help to extend the flowering period. Bright islands of violets will decorate the garden for a month, then there will be a sharp decline in flowering, and it will resume in the second half of summer.

In the shaded corners of the summer cottage, pansies can bloom all season, with timely watering and top dressing. The removal of wilted flowers and seed pods must also be carried out in a timely manner so that the plant does not have to expend energy on the ripening of seeds.

The main work is weeding and loosening. Watering and fertilizing have already been discussed.

In addition to the seed cultivation of violets, it is acceptable for her to divide the bush at all stages of its development. Even a flowering bush will not suffer significantly if it is disturbed by division. This is the advantage of the plant when it is necessary to fill in empty areas in any corner of the garden.

layering

Mention should be made of the reproduction of pansies by layering.

• To do this, the selected plants are shaded, creating conditions under which the flower, in pursuit of light, stretches the stems.
• It is more convenient to bend it to the ground, pin it and spud it with fertile soil.
• For the winter, it is desirable to cover with dry garden plant residues.
• This work is carried out in the second decade of July. The flower should have enough time to root.
• In the spring, young bushes are separated and planted in a flower bed or flower garden.

self-sowing

The propagation of garden violets by self-sowing is not bad. If for some reason the wilted flower has not been removed, then the seed pod will soon ripen. It will open, and small seeds will fall in bulk near the plant. Under the shade of the mother bush, they quickly germinate and become new planting material.

If the gardener does not need them for planting on the site, they should be removed from the flower garden. Thickened plantings are less decorative, they are more difficult to care for. In competition for nutrients, they lose the size of the flowers and their brightness.

How to grow pansies: video

Pansies, growing from seeds, when to plant will not leave anyone indifferent - such information will be useful to gardeners who like this delicate flower. The plant is herbaceous, attracts with a variety of colors. The most famous is the tricolor viola, the top of its petals is purple, the middle is amber, the bottom is white or yellowish.

Pansies - growing from seeds

It is easy to grow pansies, they are not capricious. The flower is bred with seeds, it is recommended to plant them in an open area or on seedlings. To collect seeds, you need to pick up a powerful specimen and wait until the boxes with seeds turn yellow. It is important to stock up on seeds until they wake up on the soil when plowing the pods. At the same time, there is a chance to prepare seed from crops of the coloring and variety you like. Pansies grow normally in shade and full sun. Viola is best planted where bright light illuminates it for only part of the day.

How to grow pansies from seed outdoors:

1. When embedding in the ground, furrows 0.5 cm wide are made with a distance between rows of 2 cm, they are shed with water.
2. Seeds should be planted every 2 cm (best done with a small sheet of paper), they are covered with a moistened substrate and the soil is slightly crushed.
3. Sowing is protected with a film, periodically aired.
4. When seedlings appear and the first pair of true leaves peck, the seedlings dive, shortening the main root by a third, seated according to the scheme 25x25 cm.
5. Subsequent care consists in loosening the soil and watering.
6. Before budding, it is better to fertilize the flower - pour it with dissolved nitrophoska - on a bucket of 1 tbsp. a spoonful of composition.
7. For the winter, seedlings are covered with spruce branches.

When to sow pansies for seedlings?

Sowing pansies when growing from seeds, when to plant - the solution to these issues is due to when you want to see the first flowers. Experts recommend cultivating violet as an annual or biennial - so it has the most attractive appearance and lush flowering. Sowing pansies for seedlings - how to calculate the timing:

1. I would like flowering in the same year in June-July - it is recommended to plant seeds in January - February for seedlings.
2. Pansies - growing from seed, when to plant for early spring bloom in the second year: planting should be done outdoors in June. They will overwinter and start flowering in early spring in April.
3. If planted in the ground earlier - in May, then the buds will bloom in the fall.

Germination of pansy seeds

To enhance the germination energy, the seeds of pansies are soaked in a solution of the growth biostimulant "" for a day before the backlog. The tool gives energy to the sprouts and at the same time performs disinfectant functions. Additional resistance to ailments will help to give a 20-minute placement of seeds in a solution of burgundy potassium permanganate. It is useful to soak them in a solution of wood ash: 1 tbsp. dilute a spoonful of the product in a liter of water and leave the grains in the composition for 2 hours. It is not necessary to germinate the seeds before sowing - they are very small and take root well in the ground.

Seedlings of pansies at home

When cultivating pansies, growing seedlings from seeds will speed up the start of budding. For sowing, shallow boxes are selected and purchased soil for violets is purchased. You can independently prepare the substrate from 1 share of garden soil, 1 share of sand and 0.5 shares of humus or peat. Before planting, the soil is steamed in a water bath and spilled with a fungicide to destroy pathogens and weeds. In the form of a disinfectant, a dark solution of magnesium chloride is suitable.

How to plant pansies for seedlings?

Planting pansies for seedlings:

1. The easiest option to touch is to lay the seeds in containers on top of the soil and put them in a dark place at a temperature of + 20-22 ° C.
2. Seedlings are covered with a film and aired every day for 10 minutes. Water the crops with a fine sprayer.

How many days does it take for pansy seeds to germinate?

Experienced flower growers answer the question of how many seeds of pansies sprout - if the sowing is done with high-quality material, then after 1-2 weeks the seedlings will sprout. Sometimes (depending on the variety and quality of the grains), germination can take up to 3-4 weeks. Before that, it is better to cover them with a dark dense garbage bag - the seeds like to sprout in the dark.

Picking pansies

Boxes with green shoots are placed on a lighted window. When growing the initial 7 days, seedlings are accustomed to air. To do this, every day the cycle of its open presence is increased from 10 minutes to 5-6 hours, then it can be removed from the seedlings. Watering is done when the top layer dries. When to dive pansies after germination:

1. When 2-3 true leaves appear, seedlings are placed in separate containers or a common box according to the 5x5 cm pattern.
2. When picking, young plants are buried to the cotyledons.
3. When growing a viola, when there are 6 leaves on young sprouts, pinch the top of the central stem so that the violets form a lush bush.
4. Feed the viola every 2 weeks with fertilizer for seedlings, monitor the moisture content of the substrate in pots.

With quality care in a month (by the end of May), the viola blooms and is ready for planting in the garden. Before transplanting sprouts to an open area, they are hardened. To do this, the seedlings are placed under the sun's rays, starting from an hour a day and increasing the time daily by an hour. Planting scheme for pansies in a flower garden - 20x20 cm. Care for pansies:

1. For generous flowering, the plant needs frequent watering, especially in the heat. After moisturizing, the bush is better.
2. Feeding with mineral supplements, such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, has a beneficial effect on the development of the viola. It is advisable to start fertilizing flowers 2 weeks after planting with a solution of ammonium nitrate or superphosphate at the rate of 20-40 g per 1 m 2.
3. Dried flowers and leaves of the viola must be removed. If you implement these simple requirements, then a bright carpet will delight the eye until frost.