Pansies- this is a very beautiful and unpretentious variety of flowers, which is also called tricolor violet or, and among the people - Ivan da Marya. You can decorate a garden plot with it quite early - in the first fine May days.
Pansies love growing from seeds when planting experienced gardeners are also easy to determine. To do this, the date of landing in open ground is planned (in accordance with the lunar calendars or according to the weather forecast), and approximately 90 days are subtracted from it. At this point, you need to plant flower seeds at home.

Why is it best to germinate these types of violets at home? Because, firstly, like few other plants, they are surprisingly easy to transplant. Even if the roots are damaged (which is not very rare when planting in open ground), the sprout still quickly recovers. Secondly, the flower quickly begins to bloom and delight others with beauty. And in some cases, when seedlings are bought (or grown on their own) already blooming, then there is no need to wait for the formation of inflorescences.

Basically, tricolor violet is used to decorate garden plots, vegetable gardens, flower beds. She feels good at home, on balconies and verandas.

There are both annual forms of these flowers, and perennial. Today, many hybrid forms have been bred, which differ from each other in colors and inflorescence forms. Annual species are the most popular, as they require less attention, but at the same time bloom profusely and beautifully.

There are also varieties of different forms of growth. Some representatives of Pansies spread densely along the surface of the earth, while others form into beautiful, regular bushes with large but rare flowers.
In horticulture, methods of growing pansies from seeds are very popular. You can buy them in many specialized stores, because they are often in good demand and are readily sold. The seedling method of growing does not require large expenses, since any seeds are cheaper than a sprout that has already germinated and is ready for planting.

Usually in central Russia they start landing in early March. The interval from 1 to 10 is well suited for this purpose. With normal development, the flower will be ready to move to open areas in late May - early summer. The weather will be warm by then, so flowering will continue for a long time.

However, some gardeners who prefer to sell ready-made seedlings may start sowing in January-February or even at the end of December. Of course, they are forced to use artificial lighting and prevent temperature fluctuations in the place where the seedlings grow. But on the other hand, in the spring they can already sell fully formed and ready-to-plant bushes of tricolor violets, which in some cases even bloom. By the way, these flowers can be transplanted fearlessly even in a state of flowering.

Pansies are not very demanding on the ground. It is only important that the earth is sufficiently loose and easily breathable. The temperature regime for seeds is quite suitable for the one that is maintained in the room in the usual state. Watering also does not require any special skills. So, for sure, even a novice amateur gardener will cope with growing seedlings of these wonderful flowers.

Preparing the container and soil for the tricolor violet

Pansy seeds can be sown both in purchased soil, and you can prepare the base yourself. In general, a lot depends on the number of seeds that you plan to grow.

If there are few flowers, then you can limit yourself to buying ready-made soil or use modern and very popular peat tablets. By the way, they absorb moisture well and retain it for a long time, because of this they are ideal for growing all garden crops for seedlings.

If there are a lot of seeds, then it would be a good idea to save some money and prepare the basis for the soil on your own. This does not require much effort. It is enough to collect ordinary earth from your site, add sand and a little peat there, so that the resulting mixture has sufficient air permeability. You can add a little humus for fertility. In order to protect seedlings, gardeners advise steaming the resulting soil for about an hour. This will destroy weed seeds that may be in the soil and kill pest larvae and pathogens.

Another soil mixture is garden soil and compost mixed in the same proportion. Such soil is harvested most often from autumn, and in early spring they are distributed in pots or other utensils prepared for seedlings. The mixture is allowed to stand for a day, moisturize and proceed to planting.

Any containers for tricolor violets will do. You can use both small cups and plant a little seed in them, as well as wide pallets. It is only necessary to moisten the soil well and tamp.

There are two ways to plant seeds in a container:

1. At the first, the seeds are simply scattered evenly over the area of ​​the seedling dish. Since the seeds are small, for convenience, you can pour them onto a sheet of paper and carefully pour them onto the ground. Pansies do not like light at first, so the seedlings are covered and placed in a warm place where the temperature should be around 20-22 degrees Celsius. Every day, you should open a small greenhouse for 10-15 minutes and let the plantation breathe.
2. In the second method, which is no less popular, shallow furrows are made in pots (less than a centimeter deep). Between the beds maintain a distance of 1-2 centimeters. Then the seeds are planted at small intervals (also 1-2 centimeters between them). Gently sprinkle with earth on top and cover with a lid or a transparent bag on top. With this method, it is not necessary to leave the dishes in a dark place: the seeds are already covered with soil.

Watering the greenhouse must be done very carefully. It is best to use a fine-grained spray gun for this purpose. It is important not to flood the soil. An experienced gardener understands the thin line between overdried soil and flooded soil easily.

Sometimes it is best not to water at all, but to moisten the soil in pots from time to time. However, Pansies are a rather patient flower, so you need to try hard to ruin it.

Usually the first shoots appear in about a week or two. However, today it is not uncommon for low-quality seeds that do not germinate at all. Or, plants are often found on sale that lie for a long time and are stored incorrectly. Then shoots may appear later - up to a month from the moment of planting.

Care, diseases and pests of seedlings

Pansies should be supervised periodically, but do not require constant monitoring. More precisely, it can be said that at the first stages it is important not to delay the need to remove the lid or bag from the seedlings when the first shoots appear. Since with the advent of the first green sprouts, you need to open the greenhouse and provide access to sunlight.

Attention! In fact, sunlight is essential for all types of plants. Of course, Pansies are no exception to the rule. But the conditions of central Russia (and, even more so, the northern regions of the country) in March and April cannot give enough natural light.

As a rule, at the beginning of spring, the sun sets quite early, so at first it is possible to organize artificial lighting of the sprouts. For this, fluorescent lamps are most often used. As a rule, about 16 hours of daylight is enough for proper growth. It may not be so long to “light up” the plants, but remember that less than 12 hours of light for sprouts will delay their development and, as expected, will move the timing of transplanting into open ground.

Watering seedlings is best from a spray bottle. But it is done carefully. If small drops of water fall on the leaves, then they must be carefully removed.

After the sprouts have two formed leaves, then you need to dive seedlings. As noted, the seeds of Pansies are small, so plants can spawn close together. They must be transplanted into small pots as soon as they are ready for this. In size, cups measuring 5x5 centimeters are quite suitable.

Before picking, it is necessary to prepare the future soil for the flower. It is best to use the same soil that was used for seedlings. For every two liters of volume, add a tablespoon of fertilizers rich in minerals for growth (well-known preparations like Nitrophoska, Azofoska are well suited). By the way, this time there is no need to calcine the soil mixture or sift it.

Each sprout is planted in its own pot. In the process of working with seedlings, try to be careful with the root system. It is still poorly formed, and if it is damaged, then the growth of flowers can be inhibited. However, in case of urgent need, when the root has formed very large and branched so much that it does not fit in the hole, you will have to shorten it a little. This is much better than trying to wrap the root system.

It is better to sprinkle the plants almost to the very first leaves. The soil is compacted a little so that the seedlings sit tight. After you can water the sprouts. If using a watering can, then pour water around the edge of the pot. Add a little soil if necessary.

On this, perhaps, the picking ends. The ambient temperature sufficient for normal growth is recommended within 15-17 degrees. Then you only need to water and make sure that you feed the sprouts every two weeks. In addition to applying liquid mineral fertilizers, top dressing diluted in water for irrigation will be a good help. For 3 liters, it is enough to dilute 1 tablespoon. It is better to apply with a sprayer so as to get on the green mass. Wipe off excess drops from the leaves.

When the weather is warm outside, and the night frosts are over, you can take the seedlings to fresh air. The main thing is to prevent drafts from freely walking on the tops of fragile flowers at first.

And about two weeks before you plan to land on open ground, start taking out the dishes with seedlings on the street. At first, 1-2 hours daily will be enough for such “walks”. But each time you need to increase their duration. Right before planting, it is in the order of things to leave seedlings in pots on the street and overnight.

An important condition that should not be neglected is to put Pansies in a shady place. Direct sunlight can burn the leaves.

Diseases and pests

Of course, if you do not look for some factors, then Pansies can be affected by viruses or pests, the same ones that are detrimental to many other representatives of the flora.

Quite rarely, powdery mildew or rust is found on tricolor violets. When the first virus is affected, a whitish coating appears on the entire green mass of the plant. At the second - yellow specks. In both cases, it is necessary, firstly, to get rid of the affected areas by carefully cutting them off. Secondly, treat the entire sprout with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.

Mature plants in case of severe waterlogging can become ill with serious diseases. One of them is rot, which appears both on the roots and on the visible, above-ground part of the flowers. It is expressed by the appearance of brownish spots, the gradual withering of Pansies. The only way out is to remove affected flowers to protect healthy ones. After it is important to reduce watering.

Of the insect pests, you can most often encounter aphids, slugs and spider mites. Basically, they harm the greenery of flowers, gnaw through holes, interfere with full and rapid development, and spoil the appearance.

Some of them are hard to deal with. Especially against slugs that feed on foliage at night. To combat them, boards are laid next to the flower garden and individuals are manually collected every morning. After they destroy. Ladybugs, which can be populated on flowers, effectively fight aphids.

In dry weather, a white light cobweb may appear on the leaves. On it, with magnification or even with the naked eye with acute vision, you can see small spiders. The best way to deal with spider mites is by frequent spraying with plain water or a solution of water with laundry soap or loose tobacco. If nothing helps, then they resort to insecticide treatment (for example, Fufanon solution at the dosage prescribed by the manufacturer).

Preparing the garden for planting

No special preparation is required. The soil in your garden may not even be very fertile. The only thing is, if the soil is very clayey, then it is better to add a little sand or peat to ensure sufficient air permeability.

It will not be superfluous to feed. To do this, you can use nitrogen-containing, as well as phosphorus or potash fertilizers. The main thing is not to mix everything together, but to choose one thing. Or wait a break between different top dressings for at least a week. Sprouts are planted at a distance of 15-20 centimeters from each other. After all the procedures and sprinkling with earth, pour the soil abundantly.

All further care for the beds will consist of periodic feeding, fairly frequent loosening (since the flower loves porous soil) and watering. For top dressing in open areas, liquid fertilizers are quite enough, which can be applied along with water (kemira is widespread).

Pansies do not like to go hungry without water, so one of the key features of long and abundant flowering is regular, but not excessive watering. If you have a perennial plant, then after it fades, cut the bushes, leaving 4-5 centimeters of the stem. The following year, this bush will again give an ovary and will bloom. Many experienced gardeners also advise timely pinching off those inflorescences that have withered and faded. Then new buds will appear faster in their place, and flowering will last.

At the end of the season, cracked boxes can be found on Pansies, in which the seeds ripened. This means that next year you can find these beautiful, self-grown flowers in different parts of your garden.

Conclusion

Sooner or later, any gardener wakes up with an acute desire not only to grow a good, rich crop on his site for food in the winter. With the advent of experience, I want to make my site more beautiful, neater, more elegant. And there is little else that can compare with when resorting to professional flower growing.

Probably, there is nothing easier than to start with breeding violets - easy to care for, not very demanding on environmental conditions and special, close attention to themselves. Pansies or tricolor violets (as well as Ivan da Marya) are a flower that is easy to find on sale, and also quickly bred on your site. Therefore, when it comes time to plant Pansies for growing from seeds, do not miss this opportunity.

This business will definitely not cause much trouble, and when the time comes, your beds will be transformed and will delight you with beautiful flowering until autumn. Yes, and you will not need to take care of the plantings from morning to evening. In fact, just water on time.

In the future, the cultivation of Pansies will turn into an annual activity, because you can both plant perennials and independently collect seeds from the beds and year after year become the author of your own, unique flower arrangements.

Extraordinarily beautiful ornamental plantings called "viola tricolor", better known as pansies, can often be seen both in personal plots and in summer cottages. What is the reason for their popularity? Undoubtedly, in abundant, long flowering, which pleases the eye of both owners and casual passers-by. However, not only because of their extraordinary beauty, many plant such ornamental plants as decoration for their backyard. The popularity of viola tricolor is explained by the fact that planting and growing beautiful flowers is quite simple. How to plant pansies in open ground so that flowering is abundant and bright, we will consider more carefully later in the article.

Planting seedlings

Viola tricolor is most often grown from seedlings. Growing seedlings is not a difficult process if you follow the recommendations of experienced gardeners:

1. In the spring, containers should be prepared for future seedlings, which are filled with fertile soil. It is best to use a substrate that will consist of the following components:

• soddy soil;
• leaf soil;
• compost.

Both soddy and leafy soil should be taken in the same ratio, compost should be used in a ratio of 1:5.

1. If it is planned to obtain an annual planting from the grown seedlings, then, of course, high-quality seeds should be used, they are sown in the ground no later than March. With early sowing, it will be possible to admire the beautiful flowering in the summer. If you want to get a two-year crop, the seeds should be sown in the ground at the end of the first summer month.
2. In the containers for seedlings, recesses are made, approximately 1.5-1.7 cm.
3. A seed is placed in each recess, keeping a distance of approximately 1.5 cm.
4. After sowing the seeds, the planting material is carefully covered with fertile soil, slightly compacted by hand.
5. To speed up the germination process, it is recommended to use an additional cover in the form of glass or plastic film.
6. The first shoots will appear in 10-15 days. As soon as 3 leaves are formed on the seedlings, the seedlings should be carefully planted in separate containers, for example, in disposable cups. Picking is necessary in order to accelerate the growth of the development of each individual seedling.
7. Viola tricolor seedlings are planted at a permanent place of germination only after the weather stabilizes, there will be no night frosts.

Landing in the soil

In order for the seedlings to take root perfectly in the garden, experts recommend that the so-called hardening be carried out before the seedlings are planted in the ground. To do this, it is enough just to take your seedlings outside, at least for 7-10 days, so that young plantings can better adapt to new living conditions. For the first time, seedlings are taken out for about 20-30 minutes, subsequent “hardening” processes are increased to several hours.

Glued plantings are planted on previously prepared beds, always in fertile soil. The distance between each planting should be at least 20-25 cm. After planting the seedlings in the beds around the horse system, it is recommended to pour a layer of peat, about 5-7 cm, so that the roots can retain a sufficient amount of moisture. A layer of peat will help protect young roots from sudden temperature changes, which are quite often observed in our regions in the spring. However, it is not recommended to use a lot of peat as a powder, since its excessive use, especially during a snowy winter, can contribute to the death of the plant. The fact is that a large layer of peat will not allow enough oxygen to penetrate, so a decorative flower can, as they say, suffocate.

Sowing seeds in the ground

Viola tricolor seeds can be immediately sown in open ground in the following sequence:

• in a well-lit place, grooves are made in fertile soil, at least 0.5 cm deep;
• the distance between the grooves should be approximately 1.5-2 cm;
• the gap between the seeds is 1-2 cm;
• the grooves moisturize well and carefully sow the planting material;
• from above, the seeds are sprinkled with fertile soil, lightly tamped by hand;
• in order for the seedlings to sprout faster, the sown area is covered with transparent glass or polyethylene film.

Flowers most often receive folk names, their origin is associated with beautiful romantic legends. In this sense, tricolor violet is no exception. The appearance and shape of the flower really evokes associations, as if someone's gaze is closely following the path and joyfully meets garden visitors. Probably, this is how the legends about the girl Anyuta are born, faithfully waiting for her lover on the road.
There are many signs associated with these flowers. In Russia, it has long been believed that picking flowers means rain. Pansies were depicted on the emblem of the historical region, Izhora - near Karelia, which existed at the beginning of the seventeenth century. The tricolor violet has other names: Ivan da Marya, also associated with a beautiful legend of true love, and the name “moths” says that the bright petals really resemble the fluttering of carefree butterflies.
Folk rumor ascribes magical love properties to pansies. But it is known for sure that all parts of the plant are absolutely recognized by official medicine as a valuable medicinal raw material for the production of insulin and other glycosides that normalize the endocrine system. AT folk medicine the plant is used to prepare cough infusions, diuretics. In this article, we will tell you when to plant pansies for seedlings, how to care for them, what varieties are, and how to prevent flower diseases.

The botanical description of the violet is less poetic and of interest to gardeners who are interested in breeding and growing it in their backyard as an early perennial plant.
Viola is a biennial plant. In nature, it is distributed throughout the European part of the continent, as well as in the regions of the Urals, Siberia and the Far East. In the south it is found up to the southernmost borders of Russia, in Ukraine and in Moldova. In the wild, viola grows like a weed, hardy even in harsh subarctic conditions. Cultivated hybrids require care and transplantation, since at the age of two the flowers of the plant become small and inconspicuous.
But natural properties - endurance and undemandingness, allow you to grow interesting hybrids and use all possible ways of propagating pansies in the open field and as an annual balcony decoration at home. Pansies, subject to simple rules of care, transform garden plots in areas with a cold climate.

Pansies: agricultural technology for growing from seeds

It would seem that there is nothing complicated and impossible in the agricultural technology of cultivation. But in garden beds, alpine slides, one wants to see not small wild flowers, but beautiful cultivars with large inflorescences and the rarest colors.
Fans of pansies are not averse to admiring the delicate flowers growing in flowerpots, boxes and just in pots on the balcony. Thanks to the efforts of modern breeders, such an opportunity exists - for this it is enough to get acquainted with the simple agricultural technology of growing violet tricolor, choose the variety and method of cultivation you like.

Structure

The stem of the plant reaches a height of 10-15 cm to 30 cm, less often, in giant hybrids - up to 45 cm. Usually, several straight or curly stems depart from the root, depending on the care of the plants and their variety. The stems are bare or slightly pubescent with small villi, ribbed trihedral shape.
The root system is fibrous: numerous lateral roots quite tightly encircle the tap root.

The lower leaves are large, ovoid with long petioles, and the upper ones are oblong, sessile. Just like the stems of a plant, the leaves can be covered with villi, depending on the flower variety. Between the upper leaves and the stem are long stipules, from which flower stalks appear.
The flower consists of a brush, on which 3-4 paired bracts are located. Cups of flowers do not fall off after flowering - seeds ripen in them, which can then be collected independently.
The corolla consists of 5 petals, where, as a rule, the lower, unpaired petal differs in shape and color. The two pairs of upper paired leaves are larger. In the center of the corolla there is a pistil and five stamens with anthers tightly pressed against it. When the fruit ripens - “boxes with seeds”, sepals hold it tightly.

reproduction

The unpretentiousness of pansies growing in the "wild" nature allowed breeders to develop hybrids that are propagated by cuttings, planted by seedlings, and also by seeds.

Pansies: growing from seeds in the open field

Sowing seeds can be carried out at different times, depending on the desired timing of flowering.
In the Middle lane and in the south, the cultivation of "pansies" from seeds in open ground begins in the middle or in the second half of September, when the weather is still warm, so that the seedlings have time to germinate and grow stronger before the onset of cold weather. When winter crops are planted, it is advisable to cover them if winters with little snow cover and severe frosts prevail in the region. It is undesirable to sow earlier in these areas, as seedlings can outgrow, and this will delay their flowering in spring, and the flowers will be smaller.
In the northern regions, pansies need to be sown in early August or no later than early September. Here, natural snow cover will serve as a shelter for young shoots, but in early spring, with severe frosts, snow retention should be carried out so that the flowers do not die during night frosts before a stable positive temperature sets in.
Sowing seeds in open ground in May-June will allow you to decorate the garden with flowering plants in August-September.

Pansies: growing flowers in seedlings

For growing hybrids that are more demanding on weather conditions, in regions with a cold climate, where spring does not come until mid-May, and summer heat leaves already in early or mid-August, it is possible to admire home-grown pansies in seedlings . In the spring, when the snow melts, warm weather sets in and the earth warms up, it remains to plant seedlings in open ground. Alternatively, you can grow pansies in flowerpots in order to transfer them to the garden in the summer. This method of growing will not cause any problems for flower growers.
Pansy seedlings can be grown in two ways: in peat pots or in boxes.

Sowing in peat pots

Small pots are filled with soil mixture for one third of the volume.
Seeds are sown, 3-5 pieces each, sprinkled with soil on top, no more than 1 cm.
Then the pots are transferred to a container (tray), covered with a film and placed in a warm place until the first pair of true leaves appear. Shoots appear within 10-14 days.
Every day, seedlings must be opened and left for ventilation, monitor soil moisture.
Seedlings dive twice in containers for seedlings, with an interval of 5-7 days.
It is recommended to plant seedlings in the ground at night temperatures not lower than 18 ºС.

Sowing in seedling boxes

• Prepared boxes are filled with soil mixture.
• At a distance of 2 cm, grooves are made, 0.5-1.0 cm deep. Seeds are sown and sprinkled with earth.
• The soil is regularly, before the first pick, moistened by irrigation, as necessary.
• After picking, the grown plants are transplanted into larger containers or separate pots, choosing the strongest seedlings. Watering and loosening is carried out as needed.
• As in the first case, the boxes are stored at room temperature, under a film, airing daily and moistening the soil if necessary.
  When forcing seedlings, you need to monitor sufficient and uniform lighting after germination. In addition, during the forcing of pansies, it is advisable to feed with complex mixtures. Top dressing and preventive treatment with fungicides should preferably be carried out at least once every two weeks.

Attention!
When planting flowers of different varieties in open ground, to preserve the variety, be sure to follow the zoning rules, since as a result of cross-pollination next year you may not see your favorite type of pansy in your garden.

Pansies: growing by cuttings

The flowers of pansies in the second year of life, if they remain in their original place in the garden, become smaller. Such plantings need to be updated: in order for the flowering to be plentiful next year, the plantings are thinned out, leaving one main stem with unblown ovaries, and the bushes cut in May, with two or three nodes, are planted in the ground. Cuttings are watered abundantly using biostimulants that will accelerate root development. In dry summers, cuttings are best carried out under a film, since during this period it is important to maintain moisture in the upper soil layer. Saplings will please flowering in early autumn. In addition, this method of planting rejuvenates the flowers.

Features of care

Compliance with the rules of agricultural technology will make flowering regular, long and plentiful. Usually all flowers prefer the conditions in which they grow in nature. Pansies in their natural environment are found on the edge of the forest, in lean but fertile soil with a neutral level of acidity. Sandy soils lead to crushing of flowers with insufficient top dressing.
Pansies need moderate and regular watering, which is best done in the evening. After watering - obligatory loosening of the soil to improve aeration. Excess moisture is detrimental to the roots of tricolor violets. The lack of moisture leads to the fact that the stems begin to spread along the ground, stretching out and turning into creeping plants with small flowers. With insufficient watering, flowering also stops.
To stimulate the growth of the vegetative mass, it is necessary to introduce nitrogen into the soil before planting, and for the formation of buds and lush flowering - phosphorus and potassium. Mineral dressings should be applied strictly according to the norm, remembering that their excess is just as detrimental to flowers as a lack.
Attention!
Viola should not be planted in soil fertilized with fresh manure. This is not only a source of nitrogen and organic substances, but also a breeding ground for infections.
Pests and diseases

There are quite a lot of bacteria, viruses and pathogenic fungi that infect pansies in soil, water and air. Diseases to which, without exception, all garden plants are susceptible:

• powdery mildew
• downy mildew
• Fusarium roots and leaves
• Bronzing of leaves
• spotting

In addition to infectious diseases, violets suffer from aphids, gall nematodes, and spider mites. Do not mind eating tender slug leaves. But worst of all, insects are the main spreaders of infectious diseases. Therefore, to protect flowers, it is often necessary to simultaneously apply both fungicidal and insecticidal agents in order to solve the problem in a comprehensive manner.
It is important to learn one golden rule that will help protect garden plants from many troubles: unfortunately, gardeners themselves are to blame for many diseases of their favorite flowers, because any violations of agrotechnical requirements lead to weakening of plants, and they become defenseless in the environment of bacteria and viruses, insects - pests.
The best treatment for a disease is proper care. For example:
Watering with cold water causes stress to the plant, leads to mechanical damage to the roots, which are compressed due to a sharp drop in temperature of the soil and water. Further, microcracks form in the roots, into which viruses and bacteria living in the upper layers of the soil can easily penetrate. Gradually, harmful microorganisms increase their numbers, feeding on the intercellular juices of the flower, and when one plant dies, the harmful and invisible inhabitants of gardens and orchards are transferred to everything that grows and blooms nearby.

Pansies: choosing the best varieties for flower beds

The variety of colors of the flower is stunning with a riot of colors, and, of course, gives scope for creating landscape compositions: borders, borders, alpine slides. But that's not all! Small and medium, large and giant flowers are additional touches for decorating a flower bed, allowing you to play with shapes and sizes, creating volume and wavy lines.
A low-growing tricolor viola with large flowers (5-8 cm) is suitable for framing garden paths. Viola Wittrock with giant flowers reaching 10 centimeters in diameter can become the center of a composition of violets. All together, flowers of different sizes can form the basis for a flower bed of continuous flowering, from early spring to late autumn, if you follow the calendar, plant seedlings first, then sow seeds, and in the middle of summer renew the flower bed with seedlings from cut cuttings.
Advice!
Whichever type of violet tricolor is chosen to decorate the garden, do not forget to pay attention to the cultivation of a living flower carpet. If you loosen the soil in a timely manner, water the flower bed and cut off fading plants, then the flower bed will always be updated, look fresh and delight with an abundance of flowers.
Finally, before you buy pansy seeds, draw a landscape plan, indicating step by step which variety and color to place. The drawing must be transferred to the site, calculate the required number of seeds, and only after that go shopping.
Of the four hundred species of viola bred by breeders, at least ten will definitely attract. This will be enough to implement the idea.

Pansies Victorian Blend

Belongs to the Rococo variety. The bush grows 18-25 cm in length, the diameter of the flowers reaches 5.5 cm. The variety is distinguished by dense and abundant flowering. The flowers are characterized by variegated, bright colors and strongly wavy petals. The flowering period begins at the end of April and ends in August. Usually they decorate flower beds or borders, and are also used for planting in groups in flower beds.
The plant is highly frost resistant. It grows well in loose, fertile soils and loves the sun, but can also grow in partial shade. Seeds are sown in June, and in late August - early September, seedlings are planted in the ground at a distance of 15-20 cm.

Pansies Dynamite

The large-flowered frost-resistant variety of pansies begins to bloom one of the first among other varieties. It has a compact appearance. It has bright single-color petals, it comes in different shades. A biennial plant blooms both in spring and autumn, and the diameter of the flowers reaches 8 cm. It is not whimsical and blooms in the year of sowing with early planting. Flowers of this variety are often found in gardens, flowerpots and pots.
Seeds for seedlings are sown from February to August. The first shoots appear after 7-10 days, if stored under a transparent film or glass and maintaining a temperature of 18-20 degrees. When the seeds germinate, they remove the glass from them and grow them in bright places, protecting them from direct sunlight. Planting seedlings in the ground is carried out at a distance of 20-25 cm.
In open ground, seeds are sown from mid-spring to late summer. The plant should grow in a cool place.

Freedom

The flowers of this series reach 5 cm in diameter and grow close to each other, growing well. They are undemanding, hardy and very hardy. They tolerate rains better than others and often harmoniously complement other spring plants. It blooms more effectively when grown in cool places.
Planted in open ground until mid-summer. Harvesting seedlings begin to do from January to February. The plant grows best in sunny areas and loves moisture. To make flowering stronger, fading flowers are removed.

Blueberries with cream

Plants reach a height of 15 cm. Abundant flowering and compactness, together with the original color of a predominantly dark purple hue with white edging, make the series especially spectacular. It can often be seen on borders and flower beds, as well as in flower beds. The variety begins to bloom from mid-spring, and the last period falls at the end of autumn. The variety is resistant to frost and unpretentious in cultivation. Grows in fertile, loose soils. Loves the sun, but can grow in partial shade.

Viola Aurora

The variety has branched, compact bushes growing up to 20-25 cm. The average size of flowers (5-7 cm) with abundant flowering complements the beautiful color. Along the edge of the corrugated petals, the main background is complemented by an original edging, the width of which changes based on temperature conditions. Coloring can change intensity, creating a lively play of colors. The variety series is used for border and group plantings in open soil or for decorating garden vases or balconies.
When sown for seedlings in early March, flowering begins in the same year. Landing in the ground is carried out before the end of frost. For flowering next year, planting in a permanent place is carried out in the first two months of summer. Grows well in moderately moist, fertile, well-drained soils. Likes sunny places or partial shade.

Viola ampelous Waterfall

Golden flowers in diameter reach 5 cm, forming a ball with dense continuous flowering. Hanging shoots of the cascade variety grow up to 30 cm. The plant loves moisture and sun. Tolerates frost well. The first flowers bloom in May. The flowering period ends in September. When sown from February to March, it begins to bloom in the same year. Landing on a permanent place is carried out in the last days of April or early May, keeping a distance of 20 cm. Looks great on balconies in hanging pots.

Viola Williams Velor

Flowers with a diameter of 3-4 cm grow tightly adjacent to each other, creating a lush ball. Compact bushes grow up to 20 cm in height and up to 30 cm in diameter. A perennial profusely flowering plant of bright shades compares favorably with other varieties by its cultivation features. It is unpretentious and tolerates bad weather. It is grown in groups on borders or an alpine hill, as well as in balcony flowerpots.
Grow in full sun or partial shade in well-drained soils. Sowing of seedlings begins in February and ends in April, and at the end of May, seedlings are transplanted to a permanent place. When planting seedlings, it blooms from mid-summer until the first frost. When planted by sowing seeds, flowering begins the next year. Flowering period early March - late November. The variety type should be fertilized only with complex mineral fertilizers and covered for the winter. To prolong the flowering period, you need to remove wilted flowers.

Viola Wittrock Alpensee

The bushes of this variety grow up to 15 cm, and the diameter of the flowers is approximately 5.5-6.5 cm. The plant is unpretentious in cultivation, loves the sun and moisture. Has good frost resistance. When planted in seedlings, it begins to bloom in the same year. Seeds for seedlings are sown in February-March. Sowing in a permanent place is carried out in the first two months of summer, while flowering occurs the next year. Flowering period from late spring to early autumn. It is planted in garden vases, balcony boxes or in flowerbeds and flower beds.

Empire

Very large flowers reach 10 cm in diameter. An ornamental plant is distinguished by exceptional showiness. It has a bright, eye-catching color. Grown in the sun or semi-dark places. Likes moist, well-drained and fertile soils. Need moderate watering during dry times to maintain flower size. The largest flowers grow while maintaining a temperature of 15 degrees.
Sowing seeds is carried out from January to February, and in May they are transplanted to open ground. For flowering next year, sowing is carried out at the beginning of summer, and planting in a permanent place at the end.

Russian beauty

Sowing seeds for seedlings in early March, seedlings appear in a week. Pick in the phase of two true leaves. Seedlings are planted in open ground in April-May. When sown in open ground in June-July, it blooms the next year.
The variety type has large flowers with a diameter of 7-9 cm. Low, compact bushes grow up to 15 cm. The plant belongs to early-flowering varieties. Can be grown in full sun or partial shade. Unpretentious in cultivation. It grows well in small volumes of land and has high frost resistance. Suitable for decorating borders and flower beds, as well as for planting in balcony boxes and garden containers.

Pansies, tricolor viola, Ivan da Marya - all these are the names of one wonderful garden plant that can decorate any flower bed with its colorful flowers from early spring to late autumn. Growing pansies from seeds has its own characteristics and involves different sowing dates. It depends on when you want to see flowering and what kind of crop, annual or biennial, you want to get. Breeders brought out a huge variety of large-flowered forms of various colors from nondescript field violets. Among the varieties there are small ground cover species, and ampelous, creating incredible cascades of flowers in hanging planters on balconies and terraces. Having chosen the variety you like, it is quite possible to grow all this beauty from seeds at home. However, as a houseplant, the viola is rarely cultivated.

Pansies growing from seeds

It's so easy to go to the market and buy seedlings of your favorite plants to plant in the garden or in pots in the loggia. But for some, going through the whole simple process from sowing seeds to planting flowering bushes in open ground is the creativity necessary to fill life. In addition, this approach will save a lot of money if you plan to plant large areas with viola.

Landing dates

You can sow seeds at any time of the year, it all depends on what goal is pursued.

1. To obtain seedlings for their own needs, seeds are best sown from late February to mid-March. Shoots do not need additional illumination and reach the sizes necessary for disembarkation just in time for the end of spring frosts.
2. For the sale of flowering bushes in the spring, you can sow as early as January. In this case, lighting is indispensable, and only a heated greenhouse will ensure mass production.
3. To obtain biennial plants that bloom profusely in early spring, seeds are sown in summer (late June - July) in open ground.

Planting pansies in early autumn or before winter is not recommended. If in the first case, young seedlings have a chance to take root well in order to endure wintering, then in the second case, freezing cannot be avoided. Alternatively, you can transplant young plants into pots and transfer them to the veranda for wintering.

Preparing seeds for planting

Special preparation of pansy seeds before planting is not required. A positive effect is obtained by soaking them in a stimulant solution, such as Citron. Harvesting planting material on their own, they select it from strong healthy plants that have reached the phase of physiological ripeness. When buying, they prefer a trusted seed producer.

Soil preparation

Ready soil for violets can be easily found in any flower shop. Adding a small amount of washed sand to it contributes to a better development of the root system. You can prepare nutrient soil yourself. For this, leafy soil and rotted compost are mixed in equal amounts. Or the composition could be like this:

• garden land;
• humus;
• peat;
• sand.

All components are taken in equal parts.

To exclude the appearance of a black leg when planting pansies, it is useful to steam the prepared soil for one hour.

Planting pansy seeds

There are two ways to plant viola seeds for seedlings:

• distributing them evenly over the surface of moist soil;
• embedded in shallow grooves.

Considering that the planting material is very small, you can not sprinkle it with earth. The main condition is that the soil is constantly moist, which is achieved by regular spraying. After placing the seeds, the box is covered with glass or placed in a plastic bag and put away in a dark, warm place. At a temperature of 21-22 ˚С, seedlings appear on the 7-10th day. When this happens, the seedlings need good lighting and fresh air. Glass or film should not be removed immediately, but open the boxes at first for a short time, gradually increasing it.

In the second method, the grooves are cut with a depth of about 0.5 cm, the distance between them is 1-2 cm. The seeds are covered with earth, so there is no need to put boxes in a dark place.

seedling care

The main requirement for caring for seedlings is keeping the soil moist. However, overflows are also unacceptable. While the seedlings are under the film, they should be provided with regular ventilation. It is undesirable for water drops to linger on young leaves.

picking

In the phase of one or two pairs of true leaves, seedlings need picking. It is better to plant seedlings in separate peat pots. In the future, the planting of the plant is carried out in open ground with them. When the area on the windowsill does not allow this, you can also dive into a common deep box according to the 5x5 cm scheme. The soil is used the same as for sowing seeds. For 2 liters of the mixture add 1 tbsp. l. complex fertilizers, such as nitrophoska.

It is important that the spine does not bend when picking. If it is very long, then you can just pinch it.

After the seedling is deepened to the first cotyledon leaves, the soil near it is compacted. When the picking is over, the plantings are carefully watered.

Care for pansies

Flowers planted in a permanent place need the usual care for any plant: watering, fertilizing, loosening and weeding. A well-chosen growing place with fertile, loose soil and an abundance of light (without prolonged exposure to direct sunlight) is the key to long-term bright flowering.

You can plant pansies on poor soils and in the shade, but such conditions will not have the best effect on the quality of flowering. Plants planted in areas open to the sun or southern balconies, with the onset of the summer heat, will completely stop forming flower stalks.

Watering viola tricolor

If pansies have ceased to delight you with flowering, then possible reason- critical dryness of the soil. Balcony beauties on hot summer days can be watered twice a day: in the morning and in the evening. Garden beds - as the topsoil dries.

Mulching the root zone will help to retain the much-needed soil moisture for longer.

Fertilizer

They begin to feed the plants 2 weeks after planting in a permanent place of growth. For garden violas, rotted manure or compost at the rate of 5 kg / sq. m. In the next dose, it can be complex fertilizers, for example, a combination of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate at a dose of 20-40 g / sq. m or fertilizer "Kemira".

The frequency of fertilizing, depending on the fertility of the land, is from 2 to 4 weeks. The soil in balcony flowerpots can be fertilized every week, combined with watering.

pruning

The ripening of seeds in place of faded flowers helps to stop the formation of new buds. It is very simple to prevent this - it is enough to pinch off wilted flower stalks in a timely manner.

If the pansy bush loses its decorative effect, stops blooming, it is cut off, leaving a stump of 4-5 cm. Already after 2 weeks, new shoots will begin to form, and soon flowering will resume.

This technique also contributes to abundant flowering in the spring of next year.

Pansies, flowering period

If the seeds for seedlings are sown in January-February, you can count on the flowering of pansies in the spring. In a two-year culture, when sowing is carried out in June-July of the previous year, butterfly flowers appear along with primroses - crocuses and muscars. In order for the viola to bloom in autumn, the seeds must be sown in late April - early May.

So, playing with the timing of sowing and planting grown seedlings in flower beds, you can achieve flowering of beautiful plants from early spring to late autumn.

pansies in winter

Some people prefer to grow pansies in an annual crop, planting new seedlings every spring. But the plant is able to continue the growing season next year, and even more than one year in a row. To prevent freezing, it is better to take care of shelter for the winter, build structures for snow retention, because weak snow cover during severe frosts is an additional risk factor. You can transplant flowers into pots and ensure wintering in suitable rooms for this, where the air temperature does not rise above 15 ˚С. Plant out again in the spring.

Diseases and pests

Pansies do not have specific diseases and pests. Basically, these are aphids that affect any garden plants, root and stem rot, spotting, powdery mildew. When the first signs of damage appear, the plants are treated with a suitable preparation. A wide variety of colors and shapes, the possibility of obtaining seedlings of different ages, providing flowering throughout the season, the ability to grow in flower beds and on balconies. Isn't this the set of properties that at least once will drag even a sophisticated grower into an amazing process - growing pansies from seeds?

Pansies, growing from seeds, when to plant will not leave anyone indifferent - such information will be useful to gardeners who like this delicate flower. The plant is herbaceous, attracts with a variety of colors. The most famous is the tricolor viola, the top of its petals is purple, the middle is amber, the bottom is white or yellowish.

Pansies - growing from seeds

It is easy to grow pansies, they are not capricious. The flower is bred with seeds, it is recommended to plant them in an open area or on seedlings. To collect seeds, you need to pick up a powerful specimen and wait until the boxes with seeds turn yellow. It is important to stock up on seeds until they wake up on the soil when plowing the pods. At the same time, there is a chance to prepare seed from crops of the coloring and variety you like. Pansies grow normally in shade and full sun. Viola is best planted where bright light illuminates it for only part of the day.

How to grow pansies from seed outdoors:

1. When embedding in the ground, furrows 0.5 cm wide are made with a distance between rows of 2 cm, they are shed with water.
2. Seeds should be planted every 2 cm (best done with a small sheet of paper), they are covered with a moistened substrate and the soil is slightly crushed.
3. Sowing is protected with a film, periodically aired.
4. When seedlings appear and the first pair of true leaves peck, the seedlings dive, shortening the main root by a third, seated according to the scheme 25x25 cm.
5. Subsequent care consists in loosening the soil and watering.
6. Before budding, it is better to fertilize the flower - pour it with dissolved nitrophoska - on a bucket of 1 tbsp. a spoonful of composition.
7. For the winter, seedlings are covered with spruce branches.

When to sow pansies for seedlings?

Sowing pansies when growing from seeds, when to plant - the solution to these issues is due to when you want to see the first flowers. Experts recommend cultivating violet as an annual or biennial - so it has the most attractive appearance and lush flowering. Sowing pansies for seedlings - how to calculate the timing:

1. I would like flowering in the same year in June-July - it is recommended to plant seeds in January - February for seedlings.
2. Pansies - growing from seed, when to plant for early spring bloom in the second year: planting should be done outdoors in June. They will overwinter and start flowering in early spring in April.
3. If planted in the ground earlier - in May, then the buds will bloom in the fall.

Germination of pansy seeds

To enhance the germination energy, the seeds of pansies are soaked in a solution of the growth biostimulant "" for a day before the backlog. The tool gives energy to the sprouts and at the same time performs disinfectant functions. Additional resistance to ailments will help to give a 20-minute placement of seeds in a solution of burgundy potassium permanganate. It is useful to soak them in a solution of wood ash: 1 tbsp. dilute a spoonful of the product in a liter of water and leave the grains in the composition for 2 hours. It is not necessary to germinate the seeds before sowing - they are very small and take root well in the ground.

Seedlings of pansies at home

When cultivating pansies, growing seedlings from seeds will speed up the start of budding. For sowing, shallow boxes are selected and purchased soil for violets is purchased. You can independently prepare the substrate from 1 share of garden soil, 1 share of sand and 0.5 shares of humus or peat. Before planting, the soil is steamed in a water bath and spilled with a fungicide to destroy pathogens and weeds. In the form of a disinfectant, a dark solution of magnesium chloride is suitable.

How to plant pansies for seedlings?

Planting pansies for seedlings:

1. The easiest option to touch is to lay the seeds in containers on top of the soil and put them in a dark place at a temperature of + 20-22 ° C.
2. Seedlings are covered with a film and aired every day for 10 minutes. Water the crops with a fine sprayer.

How many days does it take for pansy seeds to germinate?

Experienced flower growers answer the question of how many seeds of pansies sprout - if the sowing is done with high-quality material, then after 1-2 weeks the seedlings will sprout. Sometimes (depending on the variety and quality of the grains), germination can take up to 3-4 weeks. Before that, it is better to cover them with a dark dense garbage bag - the seeds like to sprout in the dark.

Picking pansies

Boxes with green shoots are placed on a lighted window. When growing the initial 7 days, seedlings are accustomed to air. To do this, every day the cycle of its open presence is increased from 10 minutes to 5-6 hours, then it can be removed from the seedlings. Watering is done when the top layer dries. When to dive pansies after germination:

1. When 2-3 true leaves appear, seedlings are placed in separate containers or a common box according to the 5x5 cm scheme.
2. When picking, young plants are buried to the cotyledons.
3. When growing a viola, when there are 6 leaves on young sprouts, pinch the top of the central stem so that the violets form a lush bush.
4. Feed the viola every 2 weeks with fertilizer for seedlings, monitor the moisture content of the substrate in pots.

With quality care in a month (by the end of May), the viola blooms and is ready for planting in the garden. Before transplanting sprouts to an open area, they are hardened. To do this, the seedlings are placed under the sun's rays, starting from an hour a day and increasing the time daily by an hour. Planting scheme for pansies in a flower garden - 20x20 cm. Care for pansies:

1. For generous flowering, the plant needs frequent watering, especially in the heat. After moisturizing, the bush is better.
2. Feeding with mineral supplements, such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, has a beneficial effect on the development of the viola. It is advisable to start fertilizing flowers 2 weeks after planting with a solution of ammonium nitrate or superphosphate at the rate of 20-40 g per 1 m 2.
3. Dried flowers and leaves of the viola must be removed. If you implement these simple requirements, then a bright carpet will delight the eye until frost.